![]() īillings N, Birjiniuk A, Samad TS, Doyle PS, Ribbeck K (2015) Material properties of biofilms-a review of methods for understanding permeability and mechanics. īen Haj Khalifa A, Moissenet D, Vu Thien H, Khedher M (2011) Virulence factors in Pseudomonas aeruginosa: mechanisms and modes of regulation. īansal-Mutalik R, Nikaido H (2014) Mycobacterial outer membrane is a lipid bilayer and the inner membrane is unusually rich in diacyl phosphatidylinositol dimannosides. īala A, Kumar R, Harjai K (2011) Inhibition of quorum sensing in Pseudomonas aeruginosa by azithromycin and its effectiveness in urinary tract infections. Acta Biochim Pol 60:83–90Īntoniu S (2015) Novel inhaled combined antibiotic formulations in the treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa airways infections in cystic fibrosis. Īndrejko M, Zdybicka-Barabas A, Janczarek M, Cytrynska M (2013) Three Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains with different protease profiles. Īllen RC, Popat R, Diggle SP, Brown SP (2014) Targeting virulence: can we make evolution-proof drugs? Nat Rev Microbiol 12:300–308. Postepy Hig Med Dosw (Online) 71:78–91Īlipour M, Suntres ZE, Lafrenie RM, Omri A (2010) Attenuation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa virulence factors and biofilms by co-encapsulation of bismuth-ethanedithiol with tobramycin in liposomes. Īl-Wrafy F, Brzozowska E, Gorska S, Gamian A (2017) Pathogenic factors of Pseudomonas aeruginosa - the role of biofilm in pathogenicity and as a target for phage therapy. Findings from the present study provide an important insight for further studies on the mechanisms of biofilm inhibition and dispersion of pre-existing biofilm by streptomycin as well as tobramycin and tetracycline under a specific culture environment.Īl-Mathkhury HJ, Ali AS, Ghafil JA (2011) Antagonistic effect of bacteriocin against urinary catheter associated Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm. ![]() Furthermore, this condition also improved the biofilm inhibition and eradication properties of streptomycin, tobramycin and tetracycline towards the biofilm formed by a clinical isolate of P. However, sub-MIC of streptomycin also exhibited a comparative anti-biofilm efficacy in LB media at similar pH level and temperature. The optimal conditions for streptomycin to perform anti-biofilm and anti-virulence activities were proposed as alkaline TSB media (pH 7.9) at 35 ☌. ![]() In addition, the sub-MIC of streptomycin attenuated the bacterial virulence properties as confirmed by both phenotypic and gene expression studies. Streptomycin at sub-MIC was also capable of inhibiting biofilm formation on the urinary catheters. The present study showed that the sub-minimum inhibitory concentration (sub-MIC) of streptomycin inhibited the formation of biofilm and eradicated the established mature biofilm. ![]() Pseudomonas aeruginosa is known as an opportunistic pathogen whose one of the antibiotic resistance mechanisms includes biofilm formation and virulence factor production. ![]()
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